Difference between Grant and Loan

Are you looking for a suitable financing option for your business or personal matters? Loan and grants are two possible solutions to your problem. But before you select one, it is essential to understand what both are, and what’s the difference between grants and loans to make the right choice for your situation.

This article briefly describes the terms Grant and Loan and elaborates on the differences between loans and grants.

What is Grant?

When one party provides funds (in the form of money) or goods to a second party, the fund provider is called Grant Maker (Grant Provider) and maybe a foundation, organization, government sector, trust, or a wealthy person. The second party which receives the grant is called Grant Recipient, which may be generally a nonprofit entity, but not always necessary.

For example, an educational institution, a business, a welfare organization, or an individual may be a grant recipient. The funds or goods provided as a grant are non-refundable. But there are certain conditions that must be met before you become eligible to obtain a grant.

What is Loan?

The loan is giving some amount of money to another party on the condition that the recipient will pay back some extra amount. The actual amount that is given is called Principal Amount and the extra amount is called Interest.

An example of a loan is a mortgage, which is a secured form of a loan, whereas a credit card is unsecured.

Difference between Grant and Loan

Grant and loan differ from each other in every aspect. There have different sources, eligibility criteria, limitations, and payment options.

1. Sources

Three main sources for grants are as follows:

• The central, state, provincial, or local (municipal) government
• Foundations and welfare organizations, which provide a lot of money to the needy parties
• Private companies and corporations

The organizations that are devoted to education, healthcare, and other social welfare activities are the ones that receive grants. Individuals who are not financially stable, and have to pay for some basic needs can also avail of grants

There are five main sources from where people can obtain loans

• Bank funding
• Private venture
• Personal funding also called friends-and-family funding
• Crowd-funding financial support
• Government-supported funding

The rate of interest, payment conditions and the amount depends upon various factors. People usually take loans to set up businesses or homes.

2. Application and Eligibility

Grant Application: is a document which states the extent of the need for the grant. It is an organized document that describes the criteria by the funding authority.

Loan Application: Loan seekers have to fill up a form that includes details and clauses regarding the loan for which the borrower applies.

Grant Eligibility

There are specific conditions for each type of grant, which have to be checked by the grant applicants. For example, educational institutions offer grants but they first satisfy whether the student really needs a grant or not.

Loan Eligibility

Different slabs for a loan are provided so that the applicant can apply according to his income status and credit score. Interest on the loan is a liability on the lender and applicants have to take it into serious consideration.

Amount

Grant Amount

The amount of a grant depends on its type. For example, a Pass-through grant, which the federal government provides to estates or provinces involves large amounts, whereas a competitive grant provided to an individual may comprise relatively smaller amounts.

Loan Amount

The loan amount that is approved depends on the credit rating and monthly or yearly income of the applicant. Loan Contract with the conditions shows the borrower promises to repay the loan amount and interest rates.

Sometimes an asset may be taken or fixed as collateral by mutual consent as an assurity. This is called a secured loan. Loans are of two types 1) secured loan and 2) unsecured loan. Click here to read more about it.

Payment

Grant Payment

Grant payment depends upon the nature of the grant. Grants for small businesses, research and development, natural disasters, universities, and export development are all different in their nature. The receiver does not pay back the grant amount.

Loan Payment

The lender has to pay back the principal amount along with interest. Return of funds is performed in periodic payments but loans can also be fully paid at a time.

Collateral

Grant Collateral

The grantmaker makes sure that the grant recipient has been utilizing the provided grant properly. For example, if the federal government gives grants to the provincial government, the federal government must perform an audit of the grant provided.

Loan Collateral

It is a security and protection for a lender against a loan, therefore collateral is an asset. In case if the borrower defaults on loan payments, the lender can sell it to cover the losses.

Conclusion

A loan implies that you have to return the amount of money, most often with interest to the lender. Loans are taken by individuals and businesses to cater to their expenses. Grants, however, do not require returning. They are a sort of gift given to individuals and institutions by government, trusts, or cooperation for their benefit.