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Role of Textile Industry in Pakistani Economy

Last Updated on March 8, 2022 By Methew Harbor Leave a Comment

Textile is a term that comes from “texture” which means “to weave”. The textile industries have special importance in the national economy of developing countries. By keeping the creative activities of the manufacturing process in their own terms, the developing countries in Europe have restricted their textile industries and are also transferring their production facilities to other less developed countries.

Basically, textile products are the requirement of human beings and have great importance in the economic and social terms of any developing country. In short term, it provides incomes, jobs, especially for women and foreign currency recipients. While in long term, it provides the opportunity for sustained economic development in those countries with appropriate policies.

The textile industry is one of the largest, oldest, and most global industries in the world. It has effects on government policies as well as on the investors and institutions in developing countries that grow on this investment. It has major participation in employments and exports of a country.

Economic Aspects

The textile industries are very important in terms of trade and employment for a lot of countries. It has provided some significant economic changes in several countries and is also providing opportunities for export diversification and expansion of manufactured exports for low-income countries. So that they can make full use of their labor cost advantages and fill the emerging niches and meet buyer’s demands.

  • The textile industries have major effect on the economic development of any country.
  • The textile industries are a major source in contributing to money or incomes for selected countries.
  • The contribution of textile production in GDP is different in different countries. It is up to 32% in Sri Lanka, 40% in Cambodia and 8.5% in Pakistan.
  • The textile industries are a dominant sources of export.They are also a source of foreign exchange in several countries.
  • Developing and low-income countries such as Cambodia, Bangladesh, Pakistan and Sri Lanka depend on Textile exports for more than 50% of total manufacturing export.
  • Textile has also a significant effect on employment. Employment in textile production for less developed and low-income countries share a total of 35% in selected low-income countries, 75% in Bangladesh and 90% in other selected LDCs.

Effects of Textile Industry on Pakistan’s Economy

Pakistan’s economy relies heavily on its cotton and textile sector. The cotton processing and textile industries make up half of the country’s manufacturing base. Cotton is Pakistan’s principal industrial crop that is supplying crucial income to rural households.

The Pakistani textile manufacturers are very optimistic in nature and want to increase the international share, and they have the target to increase the exports to around 10$ billion US dollars.

The Pakistani textile manufacturers claim that textile products such as yarn, fabrics, cloth, and bed linen are the most competitive items in the world, the quality of these products is very fine compare with any other developed country. These items have a major share in our overall textile exports.

They claim that the leading textile producers and the exporters of the world like China, Germany, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka import these products from Pakistan and convert them into high fashion items, and export these to the world. Pakistan has a major role in supplying raw materials to these countries.

There is a huge investment in Pakistan’s textile industry; this investment helped to develop the textile sector. Investment in the textile sector is divided into different segments of the industry. A sufficient percentage of the workforce of Pakistan is employed in the textile and clothing industries.

Spinning has made 46% of the total investment; the weaving sector has made 24%. Textile processing has made 12%, made-up 8%, knitwear and garments 5%, and 5% invest in the synthetic textile sector.

Conclusion

The need is to make beneficial changes for the development. The people should be more educated about this industry and its effects on other industries. There should be aware of the drastic changes it can make in the economy. In this way, people will be more involved in textile production.

Energy cost is the main and major issue in developing countries like Pakistan. They should start researching on developing a reliable source of energy. Only then the textile industry would be able to provide benefits like other developed countries.

Filed Under: Economy, Industries

5 Best Business Opportunities with Low Investments in Australia

Last Updated on April 9, 2022 By Ayesha Saeed Leave a Comment

Australia has earned itself a name as an investment hub. Consequently, it is no surprise to find many people flocking there to look for investment opportunities. Australia possesses great human and capital resources, which is a significant factor that attracts people. Opportunities available include online businesses ranging from fashion, homewares, and high-quality tiles, among others.

Another key factor that attracts people is security. Australia is rated as one of the safest countries for investors. This article explores the available low investment business opportunities in Australia.

Table of Contents

  • Pet Care Services
  • Cleaning Business
  • Starting an Online Store
  • Health and Fitness Classes
  • Fixing Electronic Devices

Pet Care Services

Undoubtedly, Australians love pets and you can hardly find a household that has no pet. As a result, the pet care industry is increasing, with very many unexploited opportunities. It is a business that requires very little investment to begin.

There are various business opportunities you can consider in the pet care sector. First, you can start a shop that sells pet care products. Collaborating with retail outlets will maximize the opportunity.

Secondly, you can be a pet groomer or trainer. Pet photography is also another opportunity that has not been fully exploited. Finally, you can collaborate with insurance companies and start offering pet insurances to your clients.

Cleaning Business

Cleaning services are not as glamorous as many people would want them to be. As a result, many people are turning their backs on it, leaving just a few operators there. Unknown to many, there is a lot of money and opportunities here.

You don’t need a considerable investment to kick off the business. You can either choose to do residential or commercial cleaning. You can also do laundry, pool cleaning, and waste disposal. However, it is essential to note that a cleaning business thrives well in towns and cities.

Starting an Online Store

Australians form the highest percentage of online shoppers in the Asia Pacific region. Research that over 80% of Australian internet users make online purchases every year. These range from high-quality tiles, fashion wear, and home wear. Ironically, not many Australian retailers have taken advantage of this trend. Many businesses are hesitant to make an online presence.

If you are planning to start a business in Australia, this can be one area to explore. Starting an online store will mean that you will be able to meet the needs of the many Australian online buyers. The competition will be minimal since there only a few online retailers.

Health and Fitness Classes

Just like other parts of the world, the fitness crisis is very rampant in Australia. As a result, many people are desperately seeking professionals who can help them out. Therefore, there is, as a fitness expert, you can take advantage of the situation and monetize your skills.

Setting up a fitness facility does not cost a lot of money. You can never go wrong with a fitness business. It indeed thrives very fast, especially in the city.

Fixing Electronic Devices

According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics, 72% of Australians have access to the internet. Many small businesses also rely on the internet for their transactions.  As a result, there are many computers and other electronic gadgets in the country. The presence of these electronics provides a business opportunity, especially if you have the skills of fixing faults in electronics.

In conclusion, Australia’s economy is predominantly service driven. There are plenty of unexploited opportunities in the service sector, which require very little investment to start.

Filed Under: Investment & Money

How to Develop a Growth Mindset

Last Updated on November 10, 2020 By Ayesha Saeed Leave a Comment

Having a growth mindset is essential for one’s personal and career growth. It helps you set your pace to achieve your goals, and develop a positive outlook about your future. Many leadership books have growth mindset quotes to help you develop a positive perspective towards your personal and career growth.

Find quotes that will inspire you to be better at what you do to maintain an optimistic attitude. You can memorize the quotes or write it in a paper so you can easily read it every time you feel down and discouraged.

Take a further look below at some other ways in which you can develop a growth mindset.

Table of Contents

  • Not Seeking Approval From Other People
  • Being Mindful of Your Thoughts and Words
  • Being Willing to Improve and Change For the Better
  • Not Being Afraid to Fail
  • Being Ready to Accept Constructive Criticism
  • Sharing Your Growth With Others
  • Setting New Goals For You to Accomplish

Not Seeking Approval From Other People

Do not give in to the pressure of the need to impress other people. If you continuously seek approval from other people, you will become insecure, and this will impact your judgment. Always set your goals on the things that matter to you. Do not be afraid to try new things without worrying about what others might think.

Being Mindful of Your Thoughts and Words

Always be cautious of your thoughts. Do not linger on thoughts about hate, judgments, discrimination, and other negative beliefs that might disrupt your growth mindset. Be encouraged to memorize some growth mindset quotes to cultivate positive thoughts.

Being Willing to Improve and Change For the Better

Setting a growth mindset also means that you have to accept your imperfections, and you should be willing to correct them. If you lack a skill needed for a project, you should be prepared to make an effort to improve on that skill.

Not Being Afraid to Fail

As a person with an optimistic outlook for the future, you should know that failure is a part of growth. When you fail, do not hang on to the mistakes you have made but instead turn them into learning experiences. Also, take the necessary steps to prevent them from happening again.

Being Ready to Accept Constructive Criticism

Criticisms can be hard to swallow, especially when they come to your skills. When people give you feedback, do not take it negatively. You will be tempted to defend yourself, but before you do so, accept the feedback and think of it as a way to improve yourself.

Sharing Your Growth With Others

Be willing to share how you were able to achieve your goals. If someone is struggling at work, help him or her, and share with him or her about the things you have done to achieve your goals.

Setting New Goals For You to Accomplish

Write the things that you want to accomplish. Decide what is reasonable for you to achieve at the moment. After you have completed a goal, set another goal that you want to accomplish. Having a growth mindset is easy as long as you are willing to face your challenges bravely. Consider these challenges as new opportunities for you to enhance your skills and talents.

In every problem, shift your perspective positively. Facing these challenges confidently will allow you to think clearly on the proper steps to be done in solving them.

Filed Under: Business

American Express Gold Card Credit Score Requirement

Last Updated on November 7, 2020 By Denis Woods Leave a Comment

A status symbol, the American express gold card, offers benevolent rewards and privileges to superior credit people. It allows traveling with exclusive worldwide benefits. American express gold card is a charge card (paying bill in full per month).

Card approval requires superior credit and from the second year of account opening, starts assessing a $160 annual fee. In return there is a range of rewards received, for example, 2 points / $1 spent and the discount on the modest hotel.

Table of Contents

  • Types of American Express Gold Card
    • American Express Gold Card
    • American Express Premium Reward Gold Card
  • Comparison Between Amex Premium Reward Gold Card and Amex Gold Card

Types of American Express Gold Card

There are two major types of American Express Gold Card.

American Express Gold Card

Benefits Of The American Express (Amex) Gold Card:

One of the best cards with fringe benefits is the AmEx gold card. The privileges offered are discounts on dining, traveling, and shopping. As a cardholder few of the benefits awarded are:

  • Lifestyle rewards: On spending $ 3500, a voucher of $ 100 can be saved.
  • Travel Benefits: almost 8 visits (free) per year to the domestic lounges of Premier Club. Receive discounts on Hertz and Avis car rentals.
  • Hotel Privilege: Around 400 participating hotels in over 30 worldwide countries. Upon staying two nights or more, receive up to US$75 in hotel credit. Room upgrades at hotels, Wi-Fi, Early check-in and late check-out.
  • Annual Fee: No annual fee for the first year, whereas $160 from the second year.

Amex Gold Card And Credit Score Requirement:

Being a status symbol and rewards and privileges offered, American express gold card has a higher credit score. The estimated requirement for the credit score is 720 to 750. It is absolutely right to say that this is a very superior standard to meet for a credit card to own. To own an American Express gold card, the only requirement is to have a lot of money to get the highest credit score.

American Express Premium Reward Gold Card

Benefits Of The American Express (Amex) Premium Reward Gold Card

The rewards rate of the premier rewards gold card is one of the prominent among Amex cards.

  • Travel Benefits: Cardholder gets 3 points per $1 spent on flights booked directly with airlines. But no airport lounge membership.
  • Lifestyle Rewards: 2 points per $1 spent at supermarkets, gas stations, and restaurants; and 1 point per $1 on everything else.
  • Introductory offer on MRP: Cardholder earns 25,000 Membership Rewards Points (MRP) after using the new card to make $2,000 in purchases within the first 3 months.
  • Hotel Privilege: Upon staying two nights or more in AmEx hotel collection, receive up to US$75 in hotel credit. Room upgrades at hotels, Wi-Fi, Early check-in, and late check-out.
  • Annual Fee: No annual fee for the first year, while $195 from the second year.

Amex Premium Reward Gold Card And Credit Score Requirement

As we read earlier that American express gold cards have a higher credit score. The typical requirement for the credit score for Amex Premium Reward Gold Card is 700 to 750. To own an American Express card, the major requirement is to have a lot of money to get the highest credit score.

Comparison Between Amex Premium Reward Gold Card and Amex Gold Card

FeaturesAmex Gold CardAmex Premium Reward Gold Card
Rewards BonusN/A25,000 points
Rewards Rate pr $11 – 2 points1 – 3 points
Annual Fee1st year: no fee

 

2nd year: $ 160

1st year: no fee

 

2nd year: $ 195

Late Fee$38$38

Conclusion

Both the types of American express gold cards are most prestigious with fringe rewards. Along with the traveling, lifestyle, shopping benefits the price of both credit cards is bit more higher. And the requirement for the credit score is also high for both the AmEx gold cards.

Filed Under: Banking & Finance

American Express Gold Rewards Card Review

Last Updated on March 8, 2022 By Methew Harbor Leave a Comment

Every lifestyle can avail offers by American Express (AmEx) rewards cards. American Express offers outstanding customer service and benefits all around the world. Every card offers a list of fringe benefits designed according to the needs of different individuals. For instance, for luxurious travel, AmEx offers gold reward cards parallel to a list of other benefits.

But simultaneously, AmEx credit cards and charge cards aren’t for everyone. For opening AmEx account, customer needs good or excellent credit to get the AmEx card. Rewards Gold Card from AmEx can be the best choice for travel redemption.

Table of Contents

  • Membership Rewards Points
  • No Annual Fee for First-Year
  • Amex Premier Rewards Gold Card a Charge Card
  • Traveling Benefits through Premier Rewards Gold Card
  • Everyday Benefits through Premier Rewards Gold Card
  • Shopping Benefits Through Premier Rewards Gold Card
  • Comparison between American Express Premier Rewards Gold Card and American Express Gold Card
  • Conclusion

Membership Rewards Points

Most travel rewards credit cards earn points or miles, but the Premier Rewards Gold Card by AmEx earns a specific kind of currency I.e., Membership Rewards Points

  • New Card Usage: Membership Rewards points can be saved for flights without any blackout dates and seating restraints. And, if a customer wants, he can transfer rewards to many different airline programs, and hotel chains especially four. The card also offers a big vantage I.e., after using $2,000 on a new card within the first three months, the customer will earn 25,000 Membership Rewards Points (MRP).
  • Daily Purchases: The Premier Rewards Gold Card from American Express makes it easy to win Membership Rewards points with daily purchases of the customer. He can earn 3 points/$1 spent on airfare purchases made directly from airlines; 2 points/$1 spent for purchases at US restaurants, US gas stations and US supermarkets, and 1 point/$1 spent on other purchases.

No Annual Fee for First-Year

The AmEx Premier Rewards Gold Card comes with a $195 annual fee. The annual fee is waived for the first year, so any value a customer receives the first year (including MRP) is automatically an edge point. But the $195 fee will be charged at the first annual rejuvenation.

Amex Premier Rewards Gold Card a Charge Card

A credit card needs to carry over a statement balance from one month to the next, the Premier Rewards Gold Card is a charge card. A customer needs to pay off the balance after every month period.

Traveling Benefits through Premier Rewards Gold Card

Airline Fee Credit: Credit of up to $100 per year for airline fees. After selecting an airline a cardholder can claim the credit worth $100 either online or by calling the number behind the card.

Car Rental Insurance: Individual can use premier rewards gold card from American Express to reserve and pay car rents, and be safe if the car is damaged or stole.

Lowest Hotel Rates: Booking hotels with American express, cardholders will find the room with lower fares.

Foreign Transaction Fees: The AmEx premier rewards gold card does not charge a foreign transaction fee. Generally, foreign transaction fee is 3% of the total purchase amount made outside the U.S.

Baggage Insurance: When an individual purchase tickets of plane, ship, bus, or train with Premier Rewards Gold Card from American Express, Insurance coverage is provided for up to $1,250 for carry-on baggage and $500 for restrained baggage.

Global Assistance Helpline: Cardholders can have access to 24/7 legal, medical, emergency, or financial assistance services when touring more than 100 miles.

Everyday Benefits through Premier Rewards Gold Card

Emergency Services: Roadside assistance like replacing a puncture tire, getting a push or pull, a dead battery replacement and all others are at a phone call. Either the consumer is at home or traveling, he can access to 24/7 assistance due to this credit card at no cost.

AmEx Preferred Seats: Cardholder can receive access to premium seats at cultural and sporting events.

Entertainment Access: Card members can have exclusive offers and advance notices for shows, concerts, and sporting events near him.

Shopping Benefits Through Premier Rewards Gold Card

American Express Offers: Most of the American Express cardholder don’t know about Amex Offers on shopping. Amex Offers can save hundreds of dollars a year or more of card holder. Amex Offers are quite profitable.

American Express Auto Purchasing Program: Similar to above offers, many cardholders don’t know about it too. This program can save plenty and give peace of mind when he is shopping for a vehicle.

Protected Purchase: Selected purchases can be protected when stolen, lost or incidentally damaged. This service provides coverage for selected items within the past 90 days.

Comparison between American Express Premier Rewards Gold Card and American Express Gold Card

Following are the limited comparisons between the two gold cards of American Express to aware these card holders, so that they can have full fringe benefits.

BenefitsAmerican Express Premier Rewards Gold CardAmerican Express Gold Card
Travel Benefits3P/$1 spent on flights

 

No airport lounge membership

8 visits (free) per year to the domestic lounges

 

Discounts on Hertz and Avis car rentals

Annual FeeNo fee for 1st year

 

$195 from 2nd year

No fee for 1st year

 

$160 from 2nd year

Hotel Privilege2 nights stay receive up to US$75 in hotel credit.

 

Room upgrades.

Wi-Fi

400 participating hotels in over 30 world-wide countries.

 

2 nights or more stay receive up to US$75 in hotel credit.

Room upgrades.

Wi-Fi

Introductory offer on MRPCard holder earns 25,000 MRP on new card.

 

$2,000 on purchases within the first 3 months.

–
Lifestyle Rewards2P/$1 for supermarkets, gas stations and restaurants.

 

1P/$1 on everything else.

Spend $3500 get a voucher of $100
Roadside AssistanceOffers full roadside assistance–
Auto Purchase ProgramOffered–
Emergency ServicesOffered–
Credit Score Requirement700 to 750720 to 750

Conclusion

American Express Premium Rewards Card is one of the worth considering cards. This Gold Card offers a pleasant proportion between travel benefits and earning rewards. It offers 3P/ $1 for flights, 2P/ $1 at US restaurants, US gas stations, and at US supermarkets; and 1P/ $1 on other purchases. It has $195 annual fee. According to the analyst, this card is an outstanding selection for credit card holders  who wish to earn points and especially useful for those who travel frequently.

Filed Under: Banking & Finance

PPSC MCQs: Education Psychology & Guidance

Last Updated on June 15, 2021 By Ayesha Saeed

Q. 1 

The learning method that is associated with observing of behavior of other is called:

  • learning by trial error
  • learning by limitation
  • learning by conditioning
  • learning by insight

Q. 2

 The definition of psychology is the study of:

  • Human behavior
  • Mental process
  • Soul
  • Human behavior and mental process

Q. 3 

Synthesis is related to what domain:

  • Affective domain
  • Cognitive domain
  • Psychomotor domain
  • All of these

Q. 4 

Theory of self –actualization and sense of identity was presented by:

  • Carl Rogers
  • Gordon
  • Maslow
  • None of these

Q. 5

 who was the first psychologist:

  • William James
  • Aristotle
  • B. Watson
  • Plato

Q. 6 

Founder of socio –psychological development was:

  • Piaget
  • Erickson
  • Skinner
  • Vygotsky

Q. 7 

Child’s development study is useful:

  • Parents
  • School
  • Environment
  • All of these

Q. 8 

Learning means:

  • Getting knowledge
  • Gaining experiences
  • Permanent change in behavior
  • Getting maturity

Q. 9

Another name of working memory is:

  • Sensory memory
  • Short-term memory
  • Long-term memory
  • Episodic memory

Q. 10 

The degree of consistency between measurement of the same things is:

  • Validity
  • Usability
  • Reliability
  • Objectivity

Q. 11

 Logical thinking according to Jean Piaget starts at the stages of:

  • Sensor motor
  • Preoperational
  • Concrete operation
  • Formal operation

Q. 12 

Experiments on learning by insight were performed:

  • Kohler
  • Thorndike
  • Skinner
  • Maslow

Q. 13

 Translation concrete experiences, development of logical thinking are given by:

  • Burner
  • Skinner
  • Piaget
  • All of these

Q.14 

A test designed to know the students position in a group is called:

  • Criterion reference
  • Norm reference
  • Achievement
  • Aptitude

Q. 15

 The ability to solve problem, to adjust in the new environment, to think adstractly and actual or potential ability to learn is the definition of:

  • Personality
  • Behavior
  • Intelligence
  • All of these

Q. 16 

Who was the founder of behavior theory?

  • Maslow
  • Plato
  • Aristotle
  • J.B. Watson

Q. 17 

Concrete operation occurs at the age of:

  • 3-5 years
  • 4-6 years
  • 7-12 years
  • 6-12 years

Q. 18 

Child development study is useful for:

  • Teachers
  • Parents
  • Administration
  • Examiners

Q. 19 

To which group independent variable is applied:

  • Experimental group
  • Control group
  • None of above
  • Both A&B

Q. 20 

Life of an individual starts from:

  • Nucleus
  • Zygote
  • Cell
  • Membrane

Q. 21 

Which is not the biological factor:

  • Color
  • Height
  • Diet
  • Light

Q. 22 

Cognitive development deals with:

  • Body
  • Mind
  • Society
  • Emotion

Q. 23

 How many stages of cognitive development are described by Jean Piaget:

  • 3
  • 4
  • 5
  • 6

Q. 24 

Period starting from 7-12 years and onward in cognitive development is called:

  • Sensory motor stage
  • Pre operational stage
  • Concrete operational stage
  • Formal operational stage

Q. 25 

Period from 12 years and onward in cognitive development is called:

  • Sensory motor stage
  • Pre operational stage
  • Concrete operational stage
  • Formal operational stage

Q. 26

 Child forget the things out of sight in:

  • Sensory motor stage
  • Pre operational stage
  • Concrete operational stage
  • Formal operational stage

Q.27

 Child think logically in:

  • Sensory motor stage
  • Pre operational stage
  • Concrete operational stage
  • Formal operational stage

Q. 28 

Child described himself unsystematically in:

  • Sensory motor stage
  • Pre operational stage
  • Concrete operational stage
  • Formal operational stage

Q. 29 

Emotional development is effected by:

  • Fear
  • Quarreling parents
  • Restriction
  • All of above

Q. 30 

Permanent change in behavior as a result experience is called:

  • Learning
  • Education
  • Experiment
  • Innovation

Q. 31 

According to behaviorism, which one is important for change behavior?

  • Inheritance
  • Environment
  • Experiment
  • Innovation

Q. 32 

Classical conditioning was presented by:

  • Pavlov
  • Skinner
  • Watson
  • Thorndike

Q. 33 

Stimulus in necessary for response in:

  • Classical conditioning
  • Operate conditioning
  • Both
  • None

Q. 34 

Operant conditioning was presented by:

  • Pavlov
  • Skinner
  • Watson
  • Thorndike
  • Q. 35 
  • Change in behavior is due to reinforcement in:

Q. 36

Which one is not positive reinforcement:

  • Advance increment
  • Best teacher award
  • Punishment
  • Encouragement

Q. 37 

Who was the founder of humanistic approach?

  • David Amusable
  • J.S. Burner
  • Pavlov
  • Skinner

Q. 38 

Who was the founder of client therapy:

  • David Amusable
  • Carl Roger
  • Gordon
  • J.S. Burner

Q. 39 

According to Roger, in problem solving the most important is:

  • Counselor
  • Client
  • Both
  • None

Q. 40 

What is the IQ of average child:

  • Below 90
  • 90-110
  • 110-130
  • 120-140

Q. 41 

What is the IQ of mentally retarded children:

  • Below 90
  • 90-110
  • 110-130
  • 120-140

Q. 42 

Which types of growth of child is important:

  • Physical
  • Mental
  • Moral
  • All three

Q. 43 

The meaning of the word psychology is:
study of mind

Study of behavior

Study of soul

Study of conscious

Q. 44 The word psychology is derived from:

  • Greek word
  • Latin word
  • English word
  • Italian word

Q. 45

Who says, “Man is a conscious animal”:

  • Sigmund Freud
  • J.B. Watson
  • William Wyandot and William James
  • Freud

Q. 46 

IQ stands for:

  • Inner Quotient
  • Intelligence Quotient
  • Intelligence quartile
  • Inner quartile

Q. 47 Stern formula to determine IQ is:

  • M.A x C.A x 100
  • M.A + C.A x 100
  • M.A / C.A x 100
  • C.A / M.A x 100

Q. 48 

The formula determined IQ is given by:

  • J.B. Watson
  • Sigmund Freud
  • Pavlov
  • Stern

Q. 49 

Guidance in education started in:

  • 19000
  • 1905
  • 1910
  • 1920

Q. 50

 Who developed the first intelligence test:

  • Terman
  • Thorndike 
  • Benet
  • Jones

Q. 51

 The instrument to measure is:

  • Test
  • Content
  • Assessment
  • Evaluation

Q. 52 

Measurement is the:

  • Qualitative value
  • Value judgment
  • Numerical value
  • None of these

Q. 53 

evaluation is:

  • Numerical value
  • Value judgment
  • Numerical value
  • None of these

Q. 54 

The scores of student in a paper is:

  • Test measurement
  • Evaluation
  • All of above

Q. 55

 Evaluation answers the question:

  • How well
  • How much
  • How good
  • None of these

Q. 56 

Trial and error theory was presented by:

  • Pavlov
  • Thorndike
  • Skinner
  • Burner

Q. 57 

Pavlov’s work was with:

  • Cats
  • Rats
  • Rabbits
  • Dogs

Q. 58 

cognitive learning theory was presented by:

  • Thorndike
  • Skinner
  • Pavlov
  • Burner

Q. 59 

Project techniques are used to measure:

  • Achievement
  • Aptitude
  • Personality
  • Intelligence

Q. 60 

The word “Emotion” is derived from the Latin word:

  • Motion
  • Move
  • Remover
  • Motivation

Q. 61

 “Emovere” means:

  • Strip up
  • To excite
  • To agitate
  • All of these

Q. 62

 The word “moral” is derived from Latin word:

  • Mos
  • More
  • Motion
  • Move

Q. 63 

Mos means:

  • Manner
  • Custom
  • Habit
  • All of the above

Q. 64 

The theory of psychological development was presented by:

  • Jean Piaget
  • Erikson
  • Lawrence Kohlberg
  • Reasoning

Q. 65 

A sum of question is:

  • Test
  • Measurement
  • Assessment
  • Evaluation

Q.66

 Hierarchy needs was presented by:

  • Skinner
  • Burner
  • Isobel
  • Maslow

Q. 67

 Alfred Benet worked on:

  • Achievement tests
  • Intelligence tests
  • Aptitude tests
  • Personality tests

Q. 68 

Physical growth is affected by:

  • Biological factors
  • Environmental factors
  • Both A&B
  • None of these

Q. 69 

Educational psychology is the………….branch of psychology:

  • Pure
  • Applied
  • Advanced
  • Practical

Q. 70

 The discipline of psychology is:

  • Since the birth of man
  • Before Christ (B.C)
  • Seventeenth century
  • Relatively new

Q. 71

 Behaviorism is associated with:

  • Sigmund Freud
  • B.F. Skinner
  • J.B. Watson
  • Johan Wright

Q. 72 

If a student’s has an age of 11 years, from psychological pint of view. He/she is placed in:

  • Childhood
  • Boy hood
  • Adolescence
  • Youth

Q. 73

 A need is to food as a motive is to:

  • A hunger
  • A certain kind of food
  • Money with which to buy good
  • The smell of food

Q. 74

 A need is to hunger as a stimulus is to:

  • Food
  • Money with which to buy good

Q. 75

 The first emotional expression to appear in infant is:

  • Fear
  • Delight
  • General excitement
  • Anger

Q. 76 

Which of the following types of ability is measured by intelligence:

  • Verbal
  • Mechanical
  • Numerical
  • Spatial

Q. 77 

Intelligence test measure:

  • General aptitude
  • Academic potential
  • Innate aptitude
  • Spatial

Q. 78

Who as the first to measure human intelligence?

  • Terman
  • Spearman
  • Galton
  • Benet

Q. 79 

Mental age of child is a measure of:

  • Level of mental maturity
  • Rate of mental growth
  • Innate mental potential
  • Intelligence status

Q. 80 

I.Q is an index of:

  • Level of mental development
  • Rate of mental development
  • Intelligence status
  • Degree of mental maturity

Q. 81

 In guidance, the role of teacher is an:

  • A judge
  • A moralist
  • A helper
  • A mirror

Q. 82

 The major responsibility of counselor is:

  • Help students solve their problems
  • Solve student in problems
  • Helping teachers in test level
  • Helping the principal is running school

Q. 83

  • When do we learn better according to Thorndike’s laws of exercise?
    practice it
  • Like it
  • Hate it
  • Are ready for it

Q. 84 

How would you define psychology?

  • Study of soul
  • Study of behavior
  • Study of consciousness
  • Study of mind

Q. 85

 In which country Jean Piaget was born?

  • USA
  • Switzerland
  • Italy
  • France

Q. 86

 The age measured by an intelligence test is called:

  • Chronological
  • Mental
  • Mature
  • Physical

Q. 87 

WAIS is the intelligence test for:

  • Early childhood
  • Primary school students
  • High school students
  • Both A&B

Q. 88 

The growth and learning of a child is affected by:

  • Heredity
  • Environment
  • Both A&B
  • None of these

Q. 89 

Control is an leaning of a child is affected by:

  • Introspection
  • Observation
  • Experimental
  • Case study

Q. 90 

cognitive development deals with the development of:

  • Child perception
  • Child mind
  • Child reasoning
  • Child thinking

Q. 91 

Moral development involves:

  • What is right and wrong
  • Behaving is accordance with moral rules
  • Feelings of guide or pride
  • Specialization

Q. 92

 …….is concerned primarily with helping individual make decisions and choices involved in planning a future:

  • Educational guidance
  • Cibic problems
  • Personal guidance
  • Counseling

Q. 93 

An individual who is socially mal adjusted develops……behavior:

  • Moral
  • Immoral
  • Unmoral
  • Non moral

Q. 94

 The term growth is used in purely…….sense:

  • Intellectual
  • Physical
  • Social
  • Psychological

Q. 95

 Evaluation techniques are selected on the basis of:

  • Usability
  • Reliability
  • Validity
  • Objectivity

Q. 96 

CRT is clearly defined and delimited domain of:

  • Knowledge
  • Performance
  • Learning task
  • Evaluation

Q. 97

 Instructional objectives include:

  • Action verb
  • Learning resources
  • Learning activities
  • Teaching strategies

Q. 98 

Usually NRT is not used for:

  • The measure of achievement
  • Objective type item
  • Mastery testing domain
  • Subjective item

Q. 99

 Try to understand something new by fitting it what is already known is:

  • Organization
  • Accommodation
  • Assimilation
  • Equilibration

Filed Under: Education

PPSC MCQs: Learning Process in Education

Last Updated on June 15, 2021 By Ayesha Saeed

Q. 1

A series have a snake phobia because you heard a loud noise while looking at a snake, for a snake is a:

  • US
  • UR
  • CR
  • None of these

Q. 2

A series of response that gradually approach a desired pattern of behavior are called:

  • Adaption
  • Reinforcement
  • Successive approximations
  • None of these

Q. 3

If the conditioned stimulus is presented many times without reinforcement, we can expect:

  • An increase in stimulus generalization
  • Extinction to occur
  • An increase in response generalization
  • None of these

Q. 4

A child has learned to avoid a furry, black cat. However, he still plays with his short haired tabby. His response demonstrates:

  • Negative transfer
  • Reinforcement
  • Discrimination
  • None of these

Q. 5

Punishment is most effective in suppressing behavior when it is:

  • Immediate, consistent and intense
  • Delayed, consistent and mild
  • Mild, consistent and delayed
  • None of these

Q. 6

In Pavlov’s experiments with dogs, the conditional stimulus was the:

  • Food
  • Bell
  • Both a and b
  • None of these

Q.7

 Ivan Pavlov has been credited with the initial discovery of:

  • Operant conditioning
  • Leasing
  • Classical conditioning
  • None of these

Q. 8

Sidra helps her father put away dishes after dinner, Sidra’s father wants to increase the probability of his behavior and will most successful by praising her:

  • After all the dishes are put away
  • At lunch
  • The next morning at breakfast
  • None of thee

Q. 9

After a response has been faded, it will often reappear after a short time has passed. This is called:

  • Spontaneous recovery
  • Expectation check in
  • Extinction recovery

Q. 10

 The first grade teacher gives students stickers when they perform well. If they earn five stickers in one day, they are exempt from homework. These stickers in this example could also be called:

  • Tokens
  • Primary reinforces
  • Secondary reinforces
  • None of these 

Q.11

 Which of the following is FALSE regarding a general principles of development:

  • Orderly development
  • Development occur at different rates
  • Development is rapid and dramatic
  • None of these

Q. 12

 The first grade teacher gives students stickers when they perform well. If they earn five stickers in one day, they are exempt from homework. These in this example could also be called:

  • Tokens
  • Primary reinforces
  • Secondary reinforces
  • None of these

Q. 13

A student does a good job on math problems for homework, and the teacher award a sticker. This demonstrates the use of:

  • Extinction
  • Reinforcement
  • Spontaneous recovery
  • None of these

Q. 14

In classical conditioning, events critical to the learning occur……..the response:

  • Before
  • After 
  • Both A&B
  • None of these

Q. 15

 In Pavlov’s experiments with dogs, food was the:

  • Conditioned response
  • Unconditioned stimulus
  • Unconditioned response
  • None of these

Q. 16

To strengthen the connection between CS and CR, the CS must:

  • Generalize to US
  • Precede the US
  • Be identical to the UR
  • None of these

Q. 17

Which of the following statements about punishment in FALSE?

  • Punishment teaches response
  • Punishment temporarily suppresses a response
  • Both A&B
  • None of these

Q. 18

 Operant conditioning was studied by:

  • Pavlov
  • Maslow
  • Skinner
  • None of these

Q. 19

Using poker chips to reinforce mental patients for healthy behavior would be an example of using:

  • Negative reinforcement
  • Classical conditioning
  • Tokens
  • None of these

Q. 20

 A natural stimulus is one that:

  • Leads to an increase in the UR
  • Leads to a decrease in the UR
  • Does not evoke the UR
  • None of these

Q. 21

 which one of the following might serve as secondary reinforcement?

  • Thirst
  • Grades
  • Water
  • None of these

Q. 22

 A team coach who benches a player for poor performance are using:

  • Aversive conditioning
  • Modeling
  • Punishment
  • None of these

Q. 23

  • When several principles are integrated into statements that explain a phenomenon, they are part of?:
    solution
  • Principle
  • Theory
  • None of these

Q. 24

 A researcher uses a coin toss assign subjects to a group is using:

  • Contextual assignments
  • Significant assignment
  • Random assignment
  • None of these

Q. 25

Researcher who actively interact with the group studying are called:

  • Participant observation
  • Exclusive observation
  • Natural observation
  • None of these

Q. 26

 Studies that involve a detailed observation and analysis of changes in cognitive process as the process unfolds over a several says or weeks period of time are called:

  • Micro genetic studies
  • Micro experimental studies
  • Experimental studies
  • None of these

Q. 27

 A clear, unambiguous description of a teacher’s educational intentions for students and the types of performance expected to be demonstrated by students, describes :

  • Objective
  • Motivation
  • Characterization
  • None of these

Q. 28

 What method of instruction boats the features of effective classroom management, strong academic focus, efficient use of time and clear, organized presentation of subject matter?

  • Discussions
  • Direct instruction
  • Discovery learning
  • None of these

Q. 29

 If used correctly, direct instruction enables students to:

  • Allow students to review and prior knowledge
  • Construct meaning
  • Both A&B
  • None of these

Q. 30

 The taxonomy in the psychomotor domain generally moves from basic perceptions and reflex actions to:

  • Regulated inhibited movements
  • Skilled, creative movements
  • Regulated reflected movements
  • None of these

Q. 31

 Which is not an objective in the affective domain?

  • Repetition
  • Valuing
  • Taxonomy
  • None of these

Q. 32

 When teachers and students work together using a common theme, they are using:

  • Direct instruction
  • Indirect instruction
  • Integrated planning using a theme to help organize the lessons and work
  • None of these

Q. 35

Rosen shine and his colleagues indentified six teaching functions that promote effective teaching. These functions can be use to teach:

  • Advanced skills that use higher level application
  • Basic skills
  • Acquired skills
  • None of these

Q. 36

Teachers who use divergent questions in their lesson want to promote:

  • Thinking by using questions that have no single correct answer
  • Analysis and synthesis of concepts
  • Exploration and discussion of ideas
  • None of these

Q. 37

This teaching technique involves students posing and answering their own questions with the teacher’s role as more passive than interactive. This technique is:

  • Group planning
  • Balance in reading and writing
  • Group discussing
  • None of these

Q. 38

 The changes that occur in human being between conception and death are reffered to as:

  • Development
  • Growth
  • Progress
  • None of these

Filed Under: Education

What you Need to Know all about Best Solo Ads

Last Updated on May 23, 2022 By Paresh Patil Leave a Comment

No doubt marketing plays a very important role in the field of business or in any brand, but do you know what the latest method people love to do so is? These days the latest method business companies are marketing on online platforms is via best solo ads. But do you know what we actually meant by solo ads? If the answer to this question is no then my dear friend, do not worry about it because here we present you with this article which will give you an easy understanding of this topic.

There are many other types of marketing techniques in which people opt to promote their products, services or brand name, etc. But what is the need of doing an extraordinary thing when you are not getting an expected result in return, right? Now, this is where the solo ads came into existence because it is worth opting for in case of marketing any sort of thing.

Table of Contents

  • Best Solo Ads – the Fastest Method to Make Your Email List
  • Understanding Solo Ads in Detail
  • What are the Benefits of Solo Ads?
  • Advertisers with Low Budgets
  • It’s a Niche Comprising of much Competition
  • Best for Newly Launching – Products or Services, or any Business Company
  • Email software

Best Solo Ads – the Fastest Method to Make Your Email List

best solo ads

The business sector is an all total another world where millions of people are working towards spreading their products and services, promoting it in order to make customers buy their products. They want to protect their brands in front of their customers so that they become more famous and most selling business companies in the business world. Moreover promoting themselves and their products is not an easy way at all.

Moreover, since the world has moved towards digitalization, the old techniques of marketing have a lesser reach now. Before people use to have physical prop campaigns like posters, billboards, broachers, etc in order to advertise their products or services. But a major shift has been seen today in this field now as people now prefer online marketing to the traditional format of marketing.

Understanding Solo Ads in Detail

understanding solo ads

Most people know or think about solo ads as ‘list jacking’. Thus to make you understand this topic in simple terms it is a form of advertising which is done via sending email to a particular email list. Moreover, it is advertisements that are basically sent to an email list already existing with providers before.

Thus instead of wasting your crucial money on Google PPC or wasting your time searching for the perfect audience on Facebook for your products, one can easily send emails to people who are already interested in your products. An email list is the collected list of the people who have searched about similar products beforehand, or they are the people who want such products from you. Thus it becomes easy to reach your desired audience via email and moreover, such an audience offers a greater probability to increase your sales.

In addition to this, it is an outstanding promotional strategy to give your business worthy starts in the field of online marketing. On the other hand, it reduces much of the guesswork, which is why one can solely concentrate on their customer’s acquisitions.

What are the Benefits of Solo Ads?

what are best options

By now we already know that not all marketing techniques are best suited for everyone. But there are certainly some of the techniques which can best satisfy the need of particular people, campaigns, products, brands, services, etc. Now that you are clear with the meaning of solo ads, let us now further know the benefits which it offers to the people. Below mentioned are a few of the situations in which the solo ads best works:

Advertisers with Low Budgets

It means that solo ads are helpful for people who are having a low budget in business advertising or marketing. Moreover, it is the best option at the time when you are starting your business and you have fewer budgets to invest in marketing campaigns. On the other hand, you should know that renting subscribers list in solo ads is quite cheap in comparison to other marketing strategies. Thus if you are also one of them comprising of low budget issues select this alternative in the process of spreading the word about your business or brands.

It’s a Niche Comprising of much Competition

There is quite a much fierce competition between several business companies selling their products and services. Thus if you also come under some niche of tough competition in between high cost per click in ad words or in the organic search engine traffic, then you should definitely select this option of advertising. It is better than wasting your significant time in building relevant content or SEO for your online marketing. Because now in solo ads you are just good to go once you rented your subscribers list. Therefore much of the step is eliminated in some of the best solo ads, saving your time to do something more important.

Best for Newly Launching – Products or Services, or any Business Company

solo ads example

Do you know solo ads are best for the new launching of any products of the company, services or for a new business company as well? It will help you to promote your brand name in quite lesser time than any other advertising technique online as well as offline also. Moreover, the reach of the customers is greater than any other medium working these days in the field of marketing. In addition to this, one can think of solo ads as a type of influencer marketing. Because the power of one email can help you influence highly targeted audiences that are very much loyal to the sender.

Besides this, there is a very important confusion or question which is asked by many of the people today who are new about the concept of best solo ads. And the question is, do you need any personal email software to process solo ads?

Email software

So the answer in relation to this question is a big NO because you don’t need any email software to run your solo ads. This is possible because everything is handled by the solo ad providers all by itself. Moreover, it depends on sellers to make sure the setup is done correctly.

Note: When you use any platform for creating the best solo ads you should be ready with your own email copy and links beforehand.

Filed Under: Business

PPSC MCQs: Learning

Last Updated on June 15, 2021 By Ayesha Saeed

Q. 1

The process of change:

  • Enables an individual to lead successful life
  • Enables an individual to adjust in the society
  • Enables an individual to develop his abilities
  • All of the above

Q. 2

 A child proceeds from infancy to:

  • Childhood
  • Neo adolescence
  • Maturation
  • Adolescence

Q. 3

 At birth, a child is unable to:

  • Fulfill his needs by himself
  • Respond
  • Take influences from the environment
  • Both A&B

Q. 4

 The change in an individual occur when he:

  • Intends to change
  • Passes through an experience
  • Passes through the learning process
  • Both A&B

Q. 5

 The change due to experience:

  • Are permanent
  • Pave the way to new changes
  • Continue throughout life
  • All of these

Q. 6

The behavioral changes due to experiences:

  • Are sometimes temporary
  • Are sometimes permanents
  • Are always natural
  • Both A&B

Q. 7

The natural changes are:

  • Temporary
  • Permanent
  • Natural
  • None of these

Q. 8

 Which of the following I included in the concept of learning:

  • Process
  • Process and change
  • Process, change and experiences
  • All of the above

Q. 9

 the changes due to learning:

  • Do not any effect in individual’s behavior
  • Are not concerned with environment
  • Enable an individual to perform his role
  • Are concerned with heredity

Q. 10

 The response of an individual emerging from an experience:

  • Enables him to pass through further experiences
  • Becomes natural
  • Becomes negative
  • Become imbalanced

Q. 11

 Learning is a:

  • Continues process
  • Process which brings about changes
  • Process which brings about behavior modification
  • All of the above

Q. 12

 Which of the following is not necessary for the process of learning:

  • Ex discrimination
  • Physical development
  • Cognitive development
  • Experiences

Q. 13

The direct experience:

  • Is the personal experience of an individual?
  • Is not concerned with the environmental stimulus
  • Has no effect on the individual
  • Is concerned with the social laws

Q. 14

 In learning by trial and error, an individual:

  • Has no already available solution to his problems
  • Does not use his intellect       
  • Does not retry failure
  • Does not commit mistake

Q. 15

 In learning by trail & error, an individual carries on his work unless:

  • He finds an appropriate solution
  • He commits mistakes     
  • He comes across some negative response
  • Both A&B

Q. 16

 Which of the following is the first step of learning by trial & error?

  • Identification of problem
  • Realization of problem
  • Efforts for the solution of problem
  • Remembering the solution of problem

Q. 17

 To see the people doing and try to do the same is:

  • Learning by trial & error
  • Learning by imitation
  • Learning by insight
  • Learning by doing

Q. 18

 Drinking water to extinguish thirst is:

  • A natural act
  • An imitative act
  • An emotional act
  • A social act 

Q. 19

 The act of imitation:

  • Continues through life
  • Is concerned with observation
  • Is concerned with repetition
  • All of above

Q. 20

 in the act of imitation, an individual:

  • Observes the other people doing work
  • Makes effort to do work by himself
  • Makes effort to perform the same by himself
  • All of these

Q. 21

 Which of the following action is not concerned with learning by imitation:

  • Observation the people dong work    
  • Solving the problems ofmathematics
  • Attempting the works of people
  • Repeating the methodology of doing work

Q. 22

Delivery of correct pronunciation is concerned with learning by:

  • Trial & error
  • Insight
  • Imitation
  • Doing

Q. 23

 In learning by insight; an individual:

  • Employs his cognitive abilities for solving his problems
  • Observes the behavior of others
  • Considers the behavior of others
  • Consider just one aspect of a problem

Q. 24

 Insight is a process in which an individual:

  • Uses his previous knowledge
  • Deliberately attempts to solve the problems
  • Identifies the irrelevant aspects of a problem
  • All of the above                     

Q. 25

 Employing the learning by insight approach, an individual cab benefit himself from various solutions of problems and thereby:

  • Increase his capacities
  • Increase his learning
  • Determines his future line of action
  • All of the above

Q. 26

 An individual learns through:

  • Trail & error
  • Imitation
  • Insight
  • All of the above

Q. 27

 Which of the following is the central point of learning through insight:

  • Solution of a problem through repeated errors
  • Observation of the behavior of others     
  • Instantly solve problems
  • None of these

Q. 28

 In learning by insight, an individual:

  • Has an understanding of the environment
  • Knows the benefits of the solution or problem
  • Consciously makes efforts to solve problem
  • All of the above                             

Q. 29

 Skills become the part of  behavior when:

  • Their theories are studies
  • An individual practice them by himself
  • The other individual are observed
  • One has the firm intention to do them

Q. 30

Which of the following method of learning is used in learning by doing:

  • Learning through trial & error
  • Learning through imitation
  • Learning through insight        
  • All of these

Q. 31

 In learning by doing, learning comes through:

  • Skills
  • Observation
  • Imitation
  • Theories

Q. 32

 Which of the following is decided in learning by doing:

  • Goals to achieve
  • Difficulties confronted
  • Skills necessary for solution of default
  • All of the above

Q. 33

 In case of failure in learning through doing, an individual is able:

  • To remove the present errors
  • To know new things
  • To adopt new attitude
  • All of these

Q. 34

 Learning is the process of change in:

  • Behavior
  • Attitude         
  • Skills and increase in skills
  • All of the above

Q. 35

 Which of the following is not included in the law of learning

  • Law of reading
  • Law of modification
  • Law of exercise
  • Law of effect

Q. 36

 Learning cannot become meaningful unless an individual is not:

  • Physical prepared
  • Mentally prepared
  • Emotionally prepared
  • All of the above

Q. 37

Which of the following has a significant role in the learning process:

  • Desire
  • Previous knowledge
  • Metal level
  • All of the above

Q. 38

Readiness refer to:

  • Mentally preparation for learning
  • Increase in the pace of learning process
  • Removal of hindrance in the learning process
  • Both A&B

Q. 39

 Which of the following learning cannot be durable and effective:

  • That is not backed up by enough practice
  • That is backed up by a motive
  • That is not followed by pleasant results
  • Both A&B         

Q. 40

 If the results of an activity are pleasant:

  • Law of exercise become ineffective
  • Learning becomes durable
  • Readiness decreases
  • Response frequency decreases

Q. 41

The connection between stimulus and response depends on:

  • The pleasure an individual gains
  • The discomfort an individual faces
  • The pleasure or discomfort an individual experiences
  • None of these

Q. 42

 Which of the following is closely associated with the effectiveness of the law of effect:

  • Learning
  • Stimulus
  • Response
  • Sensation

Q. 43

 If an activity is difficult to do:

  • Learning will not be effective
  • Learning will not take place
  • Learning will be effective
  • Learning will take place with a stimulus

Q. 44

 Which of the following is also called factors influence learning:

  • Law of learning
  • Condition of learning
  • Transfer of learning one of these

Q. 45

Motivation is:

  • An inner state of an individual
  • A learning state of an individual
  • An external state of an individual
  • A creative state of an individual

Q. 46

 Which of the following is produced in an individual by motivation:

  • Desire
  • Courage
  • Tendency
  • All of the above

Q. 47

 The interest of an individual is:

  • A learned role
  • An unlearned role
  • A natural role
  • A social role

Q. 48

 Which of the following is the key factor in the selection of interests:

  • Pleasure
  • Material gain
  • Information
  • Skills

Q. 49

Escape from punishment is:

  • An immediate objective
  • A remote objective
  • A natural objective
  • An academic objective

Q. 50

 An individual can only easily learn of:

  • He is ready to learn
  • He has the desire to learn
  • He makes efforts to learn consciously
  • All of above

Q. 51

Which of the following is the change factor of trends and interests:

  • Condition
  • Time
  • Experiences
  • All of these

Q. 52

 If an activity pleasures a child:

  • He will do it repeatedly
  • He will make it a part of his behavior
  • He will opt it from other options
  • All of above

Q. 53

 Attention refer to:

  • Attend an activity
  • Respond to the signs coming from the outside         
  • Produce harmony between stimulus and response
  • Both b & c

Q. 54

Attention and interest:

  • Increase the pace of development
  • Minimize the individual differences
  • Reduce the responsibility of a teacher
  • Both A&B              

Q. 55

Attention is:

  • A social state
  • Mental state
  • An orhanic state
  • An individual state

Q. 56

 Meaningful of an act for a child means to what extent:

  • The particular learning can be beneficial for him
  • The particular learning can be beneficial for him in future
  • The particular learning can be socially beneficial for him
  • All of above                                             

Q. 57

The unarranged and disordered poems:

  • Cannot be memorized
  • Can be remembered till long
  • Can easily forgotten
  • Is a source of fun for children

Q.58

Which of the following increases the pace of development:

  • Meaningless content
  • Meaningful content
  • Punishment    
  • Ignorance of individual differences

Q.59

 Attitude refer to the inner state of an individual which influences:

  • The selection of an activity
  • The adoption of an activity
  • The understanding of an activity
  • All of the above

Q. 60

 A child:

  • Learns positive attitudes from his family
  • Learns negative attitude from his family
  • Both A&B
  • None of these

Q. 61

Thoughts and ideas of the individual are termed as:

  • Attitudes
  • Individual differences
  • Learning
  • Motives

Q. 62        

Which of the following question is frequency raised in the condition of learning:

  • Which factors influences the learning process?
  • How the field of differences can be reduced
  • All of above
  • None of these

Q. 63

 According to through behavior, learning of an individual can be seen through:

  • Inner states
  • Observable behavior
  • Individual differences
  • Measurement of personality

Q. 64

Which was the founding father of classical conditioning:

  • Thorndike
  • Skinner
  • Pavlov
  • Vygotsky

Q. 65

The connection between stimulus and response is called:

  • Intelligence quotient
  • Standardization
  • Conditioning
  • Curriculum content

Q. 66

 Which of the following is the base of learning of an individual according to the cognitive psychologists:

  • Inner condition
  • Observation condition
  • Social condition
  • Emotional condition

Q. 67

Inner facilities and intellectual processing are concerned with:

  • Cognition
  • Personality
  • Measurement
  • Aptitude         

Q. 68

According to cognitive psychologists, the observable behavior:

  • Is not possible without altitudinal change
  • Is not possible without environmental change
  • Not a and b
  • Is not possible without constant change

Q. 69

Koffka and Kohler were concerned with:

  • Behaviorism
  • Cognitive school of thoughts
  • Progressivism
  • Existentialism

Q. 70

Changes due to earning are:

  • Temporary
  • Permanent
  • Physical
  • Psycho dynamic

Q. 71

Learning

  • Give rise to many habits
  • Gives rise to many emotional states
  • Gives rise to many economic abilities
  • Gives rise to many permanent behavioral changes

Q. 72

 A child can learn only:

  • What he wishes to learn
  • What does he learn home?
  • For what he wishes to learn   
  • What he find in his environment

Q. 73

Learning enables an individual:

  • To know the problem
  • To comprehend and solve the problems
  • To comprehend the problem by experience
  • To remove the problem

Q. 74

 Learning includes the acquisition and reaction of knowledge. It was said by:

  • Thorndike
  • Watson
  • William James
  • B.F Skinner

Q. 75

Learning is a ……………. Process:

  • Limited
  • Continues
  • Psychological
  • None of these

Q. 76

Learning is a process of change in:

  • Behavior
  • Attitude
  • Skills
  • All of the above

Q. 77

Process, change and experiences are included in the concept of:

  • Transformation
  • Perception
  • Learning
  • Maturation

Q. 78

Principles of learning are:

  • 2
  • 3
  • 4
  • 5

Q. 79

………is not concerned with the law of learning:

  • Law of modification
  • Law of readiness
  • Law of exercise
  • Law of effect

Q. 80

Readiness refers to………..preparation for learning:

  • Physical
  • Mental
  • Emotional
  • All of these

Q. 81

Learning gives to many:

  • Habits
  • Emotional states
  • Economic abilities
  • Permanent behavioral changes

Q. 82

In education, John Dewey stressed on:

  • Learning by doing      
  • Authoritarian teaching methods
  • Rote learning
  • None of these

Q. 83

The work of ….is often called connectionism because of the idea that bonds between stimulus and response take the form of natural connections:

  • Joseph Mayer Rice
  • Lewis Madison
  • Terman James
  • E. L. Thorndike

Q. 84

…………..is considered the father of research on teaching:

  • Joseph Mayer Rice
  • Lewis Madison
  • Terman James
  • E. L. Thorndike

Q. 85

Goal orientation is a:

  • Trait
  • Environmental state
  • Situation specification
  • Personality trait          

Q. 86       

What kind of learning from observation of the consequence of an action?

  • Classical conditioning
  • Functional conditioning
  • Secondary conditioning
  • Operant conditioning

Q. 87

Which psychologist is famous for his pioneering work in classical conditioning:

  • B.F. Skinner       
  • Sigmund Freud
  • John B. Watson
  • Ivan Pavlov

Q. 88

the experiments of famous Russian psychologist, Ivan Pavlov for learning were on done:

  • Insects
  • Cats
  • Frogs
  • Dogs   

Q. 89

 What is the name for the operant conditioning technique in which complicated behavior are taught by sequential reinforcement?

  • Instructing
  • Shaping
  • Leading
  • Modeling

Q. 90

 through the educational process, an individual is stimulated to think, to appreciate and to:

  • Motivate
  • Act     
  • Train
  • Mature

Q. 91

 The initiated of learning based theory of “trial and error” was famous psychologist:

  • G. Stanely Hall
  • William James
  • Edward L. Thorndike
  • C.H. Judd

Q. 92

Many psychological principles have evolved from………….studies of individual learning processes:

  • School
  • Statistical
  • Basic
  • Laboratory

Q.93

 Changes due to experiences are:

  • Temporary
  • Permanent
  • Long lasting
  • Both A&B

Q. 94

 the theory of conditioning was propagated by……….psychologist named Ivan Pavlov:

  • American
  • Swiss
  • Russian
  • French

Q. 95

 Which of the following is an example of extrinsic motivation?

  • Doing a good job because of the sense of satisfaction when you are finished
  • Doing a good job in order to get a pay raise
  • Working hard because of the pride you take in your work
  • Doing a good because you enjoy your work

Q. 96

In individual uses his…….abilities in insight learning:

  • Cognition
  • Observation
  • Imitated
  • Behavioral

Q. 97

The method used in learning by doing is:

  • Learning by imitation
  • Learning by trial and error
  • Learning by insight
  • All of the above

Q. 98

Which of the following orders of Maslow’s hierarchy of human needs is correct:

  • Safety, psychological, belongings, self actualization, esteem
  • Belongingness esteem, psychological, safety, self actualization
  • Psychological, belongingness, safety, esteem, self actualization
  • Psychological, safety, belongingness, esteem, self actualization

Q. 99

Condition of learning is also called……influencing learning:

  • Drive
  • Motive
  • Factor
  • None of these

Q. 100

An individual can easily learn if he……….to learn:

  • Is ready
  • Has desire
  • Makes efforts
  • All of the above

Q. 101

Attention is a ……….state:

  • Social
  • Mental
  • Organic
  • Altitudinal

Q. 102

An unarranged and disordered material can be:

  • Memorized
  • Remembered till long
  • Easily forgotten
  • A source of fun for children

Q. 103

 ………..of individuals are termed as attitude:

  • Thoughts
  • Feelings
  • Expressions
  • Motives

Q. 104

 John Watson is the father of:

  • Behaviorism
  • Naturalism
  • Structuralism
  • Functionalism

Q. 105

 For the first time, Skinner put forward the idea that most of the responses could nopt be attributed to the known:

  • Motive
  • Need
  • Stimulus
  • None of these

Q. 106

 ………refers to a learning process where a response is made frequently by reinforcement:

  • Trial and error theory
  • Insight learning
  • Operant conditioning
  • Classical conditioning

Q. 107      

The age limit for formal operational stage is:

  • Birth-2 years
  • 2-7 years
  • 7-11 years
  • 12-25 years

Q. 108

Watson demonstrated the role of conditioning as well as eliminating:

  • Intellectual
  • Affection
  • Sexual
  • Emotional

Q. 109

 The term that refer to the entire life activities and experiences of all living organisms is called:

  • Behavior
  • Psychology
  • Consciousness
  • Emotion         

Q. 110

Wilhelm Wundt was mainly responsible for the evolution of:

  • Structuralism
  • Behaviorism
  • Functionalism
  • Realism

Q. 111

 Various techniques have been applied by educational; psychologist to obtain data concerning………..and their reactions:

  • Administrator
  • Teachers         
  • Organizers
  • Learners

Q. 112

 The human factor is unpredictable; individuals may vary from……..in their feelings or in their power to perform:

  • Year to year
  • Month to month
  • Week to week
  • Day to day     

Q. 113

The learning process and…….are closely associated:

  • Learning psychology
  • Learning environment
  • School system
  • Teacher

Q. 114

 The streaming of applicants for programs of teacher education is extremely:

  • Difficult
  • Weak  
  • Baseless
  • Important

Q. 115

One of the marked differences between traditional and modern programs of preparation for teaching is the present emphasis upon teacher understanding of………development pattern:

  • Particular
  • Useful
  • Human
  • Natural

Q. 116

 Hierarchy of human needs is given by:

  • Bobbitt
  • John Dewey
  • Watson
  • Maslow

Q. 117

Social learning approach was presented by:

  • B.F Skinner
  • Albert Bandura
  • Sigmund Freud
  • Jean Piaget

Q. 118

Individual behavior is determined by:

  • The individual and physical constitution
  • The individual’s acquired traits
  • The social and physical context
  • All of the above

Q. 119

 Which one of the following situation is an example of modeling?

  • A child ism praised by his parents for standing up for himself after being provoked
  • A child succeeds in getting hold of a desired to by granning it from another child
  • A child peers a pees popularity increase after winning a fight with another child
  • None of these

Q. 120

Stimulus response theory was given by:

  • Pavlov
  • Gestalt
  • Thorndike
  • Piaget

Q. 121

Something that produce a reaction in an organism is:

  • Reinforcement
  • Motive
  • Need
  • Stimulus

Q. 123

 Theory was expounded by skinner:

  • Behavioristic
  • Innate
  • Nativist
  • Mentalist        

Q. 124

When someone model his behavior on that of someone else that is:

  • Imitation
  • Modeling
  • Learning
  • None of these

Q. 125

Experiments performed by Ivan Pavlov led to…………theory:

  • Classical conditioning
  • Operant conditioning
  • Social learning
  • Method reproduction

Q. 126

 In Pavlov’s experiment, the bell was a/an:

  • Unconditioned stimulus
  • Unconditioned response
  • Unconditioned event
  • Unconditioned method

Q. 127           

Shaping behavior by reinforcement and punishment is learning by:

  • Modeling
  • Cognition
  • Conditioning
  • Imitation

Q. 128

When learning from one purpose is also utilized in another situation, it is called:

  • Transfer of learning
  • Transfer of thinking
  • Transfer of motivation
  • Transfer of training

Q. 129

…………is the highest form of thinking that needs a well organized brain:

  • Abstract thinking
  • Rational thinking
  • Analytic thinking
  • Reasoning

Q. 130

In order to improve the learning processes, the following must be taken into in view:

  • Individual differences
  • Planning about learning process
  • Innovative teaching method
  • All of above

Q 131

E.L. Thorndike is famous for:

  • Knowledge
  • Drill upon learning
  • Lesson making
  • Insight learning

Q. 132

 behavior according to operant conditioning is controlled by:

  • Its consequences
  • Free will
  • Thorndike
  • Watson

Filed Under: Education

PPSC MCQs: Growth and Development

Last Updated on June 15, 2021 By Ayesha Saeed

Q. 1

Development is a…….study of physical, cognitive and emotional changes:

  • Formal
  • Informal
  • Planned          
  • None of these

Q.2

Every study of personality development is:

  • Physical
  • Cognitive
  • Emotional
  • Creative

Q. 3

Physical aspects of females development become faster after……….years age:

  • 10
  • 11
  • 12
  • 13

Q.4

The effect of…..on the emergence of aggressive behavior patterns is unproven yet:

  • Environmental factors
  • Genetics
  • Ethological
  • Hormones

Q. 5

Child development theory was given by:

  • Pavlov
  • Gestalt
  • Thorndike
  • Piaget

Q. 6

A young person is a human with……….potentialities:

  • Significant
  • Unlimited
  • Satisfactory
  • Development

Q. 7

Concrete operational stage comprises is age:

  • Birth 2 years
  • 2 to 7 years
  • 7 to 12 years
  • 12 to onward

Q. 8

Jean Piaget’s major work in on:

  • Motor development
  • Cognitive development
  • Social development
  • Emotional development

Q. 10

First part of information processing system is:

  • Short term memory
  • Long term memory
  • Sensory memory
  • Out put

Q. 11

In piaget’s model of human development, when does abstract thinking emerge?

  • Pre-operational
  • Concrete operation stage
  • Formal operational stage
  • Sensor motor stage

Q. 12

A motive is a thought, feeling or condition instigates one to?

  • Love
  • Anger
  • Enjoy
  • Act     

Q. 13

At concrete operational stage child being to think…….but cannot think in abstract terms:

  • Deeply
  • Emotionally
  • Theoretically
  • Logically

Q.14

Growth refers to increase in:

  • Height
  • Weight
  • Size
  • All of these

Q. 15

in………quantitative changes occur:

  • Activities
  • Growth
  • Maturation
  • Adolescence

Q. 16

The term “Growth” development” are the ………….in an organism from birth:

  • Habits
  • System
  • Changes
  • None of these

Q. 17

In the child’s development………..play a vital role:

  • Heredity
  • Education
  • Environment
  • All of these

Q. 18

Heredity cells are……by environment:

  • Affected
  • Not affected
  • Changed
  • Harmed

Q. 19

The number of chromosomes in a human being is:

  • 21
  • 22
  • 23
  • 24

Q. 20

The approximate nine months spent in mother’s womb is known as the………period:

  • Postnatal
  • Pre-natal
  • Infancy
  • Fetus

Q.21

Piaget’s theory of cognitive development identifies……….distinct stages of a child’s intellectual development:

  • Two
  • Three
  • Four
  • Five

Q. 22

The process of getting an object of thought clearly before the mind is called:

  • Motivation
  • Attention
  • Learning
  • Training

Q. 23

An individual’s ……..and maturation can be helped or hindered by environmental stimulations to which he is exposed:

  • Birth
  • Growth
  • Education
  • Action

Q. 24

infancy is divided into two stages of development, the first lasting from birth to three years; thereafter the second sate lasts till the child is:

  • Four years of age
  • Five years of age   
  • Six years of age
  • Seven years of age

Q. 25

The physical differences are:

  • Learned
  • Not learned
  • Both A&B
  • Inborn

Q. 26

The process of education is mainly affected by:

  • Social condition
  • Economical condition
  • Physical condition
  • All of these

Q.27

A method, in which one perceives, analysis and reports one/ feeling is called……….method:

  • Introspection
  • Introversion
  • Observation
  • Differential

Q.28

The children having IQ of…………or more are called:

  • 130
  • 140
  • 120
  • 150

Q. 29

The IQ of mentally retarded children is less than:

  • 60
  • 70
  • 80
  • 90

Q.30

The idea of  IQ was utilized firstly in……….in the stand for Binet tests:

  • 1916
  • 1961
  • 1960
  • 1906

Q. 31

Development is a continues process, which ranges from conception to:

  • Birth
  • Childhood
  • Adolescence
  • Old age

Q.32

development is a formal study of changes:

  • Physical
  • Cognitive
  • Social and emotional
  • All of these

Q.33

Study of development is used for the:

  • Parents
  • Teacher
  • Educational administration
  • All of these

Q. 34

Development is a formal study of those changes which take place due to:

  • Experience
  • Incidents
  • Rearing
  • All of these

Q. 35

Which of the following trait is not associated with development:

  • Development is a complicated process
  • Development is an integrated process
  • Development includes observable changes
  • Development is a continues process

Q. 36

Development causes different changes:

  • Positive                                    
  • Negative
  • Both A&B
  • Natural

Q. 37

Development causes:

  • Quantitative changes
  • Qualitative changes
  • Both A&B
  • None of these

Q. 38

Growth refers to:

  • Increase in height and weight
  • Increase in size
  • Strengthening the human skeleton
  • All of these

Q. 39

Maturation refers to that stage of the development when an organism:

  • Starts performing instinctive functions
  • Starts affecting other organisms
  • Enables to perform social functions
  • Completes training

Q. 40

The quantitative changes of body are called:

  • Activity          
  • Growth
  • Maturation
  • Adolescence

Q. 41

In the development of a child, a significant role is played by?

  • Heredity
  • Environment
  • Both A&B
  • All of these

Q. 42

Heredity refers to those traits which are transmitted to the children:

  • Parents
  • Environment
  • Educational institution
  • All of these

Q. 43

Genes are the units mainly associated with:

  • Environment
  • Education
  • Grooming
  • Heredity

Q. 44

Which of the following human traits heredity:

  • Height
  • Color of skin and hair
  • Structure of bones
  • Al of the above

Q. 45

Heredity cells are……….by environment:

  • Affected
  • Not affected
  • Changes
  • Harmed

Q. 46

The law “similar things give rise to similar things” is called the law of:

  • Similarity
  • Dissimilarity
  • Recurrence
  • None of these

Q. 47

According to law of recurrence, direction of human development is:

  • Extreme to middle
  • Middle to extreme
  • Middle to outer
  • All of these

Q. 48

Effects of environment are such factors of changes in an individual which leave an impression on a fertilized cell:

  • Genetically
  • Externally
  • Internally
  • None of these

Q.49

The significant affects of environment are manifested:  

  • Before birth of child
  • After the birth of child
  • At the time of adolescence
  • None of these

Q. 50

Learning of culture and language is a process associated with:

  • Environment
  • Heredity
  • La of similarity
  • Law of modification

Q. 51

“Give me a child and I will move him as you desire” this was said by:

  • Freud
  • Skinner
  • Watson
  • Pavlov

Q. 52

The environment helps man to:

  • Build personality
  • Succeed in life
  • Develop his potentials
  • All of the above

Q. 53

An individual is the product of:

  • Heredity
  • Environment only
  • Interaction between heredity and environment
  • None of these

Q. 54

The unhealthy environment:

  • Can suppress god heredity
  • Cannot suppress good heredity
  • Can suppress but cannot extinguish
  • None of these

Q. 55

The surroundings of individual are called his:

  • Environment
  • Identity
  • Heredity
  • Way of thinking

Q. 56

 Healthy environment and training:

  • Can turn a dull child into an intelligent one
  • Cannot turn dull child into an intelligent one
  • Can turn a dull child into a gifted one
  • None of these

Q. 57

Heredity:

  • Determines the capacity
  • Does not determine the capacity
  • Increase the capacity
  • Modifies the capacity

Q. 58

In development an important role is played by:

  • Heredity
  • Environment
  • Both A&B
  • None of these

Q. 59

The individuals possessing limited abilities:

  • Live simple life
  • Search for living opportunities
  • Are not creative         
  • All of above

Q. 60

Better development can only be ensured by:

  • Good heredity
  • Good environment
  • Both A&B
  • Good heredity and unhealthy environment

Q. 61

Development is:

  • A continues process
  • An organized process
  • A creative process
  • All of the above

Q. 62

Every step of personality development is:

  • Creative
  • Physical
  • Emotional
  • None of these

Q. 63

Which aspect of development is most important:

  • Physical development
  • Cognitive development
  • Emotional development      
  • All aspects are equally important

Q. 64

The pace of development of different aspects is:

  • Equal
  • Not equal
  • Not measurable
  • Both A&B

Q. 65

Which aspect of female development becomes faster after 10 years of age:

  • Physical
  • Cognitive
  • Social
  • Emotional

Q. 66

The subject of individual differences has widened the scope of:

  • Sociology
  • Psychology
  • Medicine
  • Ethics

Q. 67

The intensive individual differences are seen in the:

  • Spontaneous activity
  • Pace of learning
  • Direction of motivation
  • All of the above

Q. 68

The individual differences refers to:

  • Differentiation of abilities in the individual
  • Religious differences
  • Political differences
  • Academic differences

Q. 69

 The individual differences are:

  • Apparent
  • Hidden
  • Learned
  • All of these

Q. 70

The knowledge of individual differences is essential so that:

  • Everybody should perform duty according to his abilities
  • Everybody can get harmony with the society
  • Statistical facts of the state should be known
  • Both B&B

Q.71

 In order to improve the learning processes:

  • The individual differences must be considered
  • Learning process should be planned adequately
  • Modern methods of teaching must be adopted
  • All of the above

Q. 72

 In the same family, there may be:

  • Some intelligent children
  • Children of the same intelligence
  • Some dull children
  • Both A&B

Q. 73

 The heredity differences are also called:

  • Inborn differences
  • Environment differences
  • Learned differences
  • Observable differences

Q. 74

 Environment refer to all those circumstances:

  • Which take place in the life of an individual?
  • Which direct the way of life of an individual?
  • Which affect the life of an individual?
  • All of above

Q. 75

 Differences in aptitude occur because of:

  • Heredity
  • Environment
  • Economic conditions
  • All of the above

Q. 76

 The physical differences are:

  • Learned
  • Inborn
  • Unlearned
  • Both A&B

Q. 77

 Which of the following features is not concerned with physical:

  • Height and weight
  • Artistic approach
  • Skin color
  • Bone structure

Q. 78        

 Physically handicapped children are:

  • Rebellious
  • Truant
  • Abnormal
  • All of above

Q. 79

 Physical differences are of intensive nature, then:

  • Special school should be established
  • Special curriculum should be developed
  • Special teachers should be appointed
  • All of the above

Q. 80

 The children having intelligence quotient of 140 or more are called:

  • Gifted
  • Intelligent
  • Average
  • None of these

Q. 81

 Physically weak children are:

  • Ridiculed       
  • Victims of inferiority complex
  • Poor in educational achievement
  • All of the above

Q. 82

 The I of mentally backwar children is less than:

  • 50
  • 60
  • 70
  • 80       

Q. 83

 The intelligent students:

  • Participate in the educative process activity
  • Can only performs simple tasks
  • Can solve their problems
  • Both A&C

Q. 84

 The dull students:

  • Require special attention
  • Cannot get the advantage of educational opportunities
  • Do not succeed especially
  • Cannot earn a livelihood

Q. 85

 If the teacher focuses the intelligent students while teaching:

  • Average students will lose interest in teaching process
  • Brooder line students will lose interest in the teaching process
  • Bothe A & B
  • None of these

Q. 86

 A teacher should:

  • Not expect the same response from different students
  • Consider the difference in earning abilities of students
  • Should keep mind the individual difference?
  • All of the above

Q. 87

 The emotionally distributed children:

  • Are not balanced
  • Become irritated soon
  • Are disappointed
  • All of the above

Q. 88

 In order to maintain emotional health of the children:

  • They should be taught to control their emotions
  • They should be provided emotional training
  • Their emotions should be respected
  • All of these

Q. 89

 If children are allowed to chose subjects according to their aptitude:

  • They develop interest in education
  • They start creating problems for their parents
  • They became problematic for school administration
  • Both A&B

Q. 90

 In order to make education useful for all the children:

  • The aptitude of the students must be honoured
  • All students should not be treated as possessing equal abilities
  • Their abilities should be given importance
  • All of the above

Q. 91

 The education process is mainly affected by:

  • Social condition
  • Economic condition
  • Both A&B
  • None of these

Q. 92        

 The children requiring more attention are those who:

  • Cannot find favorable environment at home
  • Are emotionally disturbed
  • Have face the crudity of steepness?
  • All of the above

Q. 93

 The gifted children:

  • Exhibited extraordinary performance
  • Question to know
  • Solve their problems easily
  • All of the above

Q. 94

 Effective teaching requires the:

  • Keen interest of the teacher to the studies of the students
  • Use of appropriate method of teaching
  • Solution of the problems of students
  • All of the above

Q. 95

 Output of various body organs and change in their interaction is called:

  • Development
  • Growth
  • Environment
  • Heredity

Q. 96

 Heredity refer to all those traits that a child acquires from:

  • Environment
  • Parents
  • Ovum
  • Sperm

Q. 97

 The effects of environment are those change which leave their impression on the fertilized cell:

  • Externally
  • Internally
  • Both A&B
  • None of these

Q. 98

 The effects on an unborn baby are primarily:

  • Internal
  • External
  • Both A&B

Q. 99

 The change that occur in human being between conception and death are refferd to as:

  • Development
  • Growth
  • Progress
  • None of these

Filed Under: Education

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